Archive for 5-minute walk

Walkability: The Evolution of Its Definition

Posted in Comprehensive Planning and Codes, Town Planning, Urbanism with tags , , , , , , on May 20, 2012 by John Olson

A topic very close to my personal and professional interests is the idea of walkability. This phrase is used often, perhaps too often? But what does walkability really mean? Is it something that we can really define? Probably not. Present party included, geographers, architects, planners, urbanists and landscape architects will still continue to try.

Pedestrian Propulsion

Recently, I provided a blog post on the EVstudio Blog (Inverse Relationship of Level of Service and Pedestrian Propulsion) that referenced Steve Mouzon’s phrase “Pedestrian Propulsion“. I love that phrase, doesn’t it just roll off your tongue?!

The way that Steve defines this on the Original Green is about the closest way that walkability can be defined. Steve’s definition is as follows:

A characteristic of a street that entices you to walk further than you otherwise would on lesser streets… literally propelling you along the way.”

Walk Score

Steve’s definition is a very eloquent definition, however it is qualitative and can be misinterpreted.  It is best used as a complement to other quantitative methods of measuring walkability. WalkScore.com is one of the best at using quantitative measures to define the walkability of a place. Although, the scores of places can be argued, especially using personal experience of comparative places. The arguments need Steve’s Pedestrian Propulsion consideration to better establish the true walkability of the place. For example, WalkScore does not always account for major barriers like high-capacity streets, or as the brilliant folks at Strong Towns call them — STROADS.

Perhaps the idea of allowing users to rank places with social media will assist Walk Score? A Beta site is currently being tested in Denver utilizing MapQuest with this in mind. It is called MQVibe, check it out here.

5-Minute Walk

The five-minute walk is often represented with a simple 1/4 mile radius circle centered on the place of interest. This is another great reference point for planners in determining block lengths and master planning of adjacent locations in a plan. However, we have all experienced some places that we could walk for miles, most of which are in places with that right level of density. I referred to this playfully for a Halloween post as Goldilocks Density  in the Blog Post A Neighborhood Designed for Halloween. Richard Florida defined it recently as Jane Jacobs’ Density. I think I like Richard’s term better. This gets us back to Pedestrian Propulsion of course — some places propel us; others repel us.

Mapnificent

Thank you to Patrick Kennedy at Walkable DFW for pointing out this site: Mapnificent.net. This website is extremely fun and addictive. There are several options included in the website to assist in measuring the existing mobility options in some of the major cities in the World. I am illustrating a couple of diagrams with the location of the new EV Studio Planning office as the point of beginning. (201 East Las Animas, Suite 113).

A five-minute trip utilizing transit and walking from the new EV Studio Planning office. Map provided from Mapnificent.net.

A five-minute trip utilizing transit, walking, and bicycle from the new EV Studio Planning office. Map provided from Mapnificent.net.

The first map above is showing a 5-minute ride/walk utilizing only bus transit and by foot at the default walking speeds. The lower map shows the same duration of time with the use of bicycle. Mapnificent did a great job of illustrating the interdependence between transit, walking and cycling. Great site, hopefully you also find it useful!

The Neighborhood Unit: How Does Perry’s Concept Apply to Modern Day Planning?

Posted in Comprehensive Planning and Codes, Sustainability, Town Planning, Urban Planning and Design, Urban Renewal, Urbanism with tags , , , , , on November 2, 2010 by John Olson

In the 1920′s, Clarence Perry introduced a concept that he referred to as “The Neighborhood Unit“.  The image below is a sketch published by Perry in 1929 illustrating the relationships between the residential components of a neighborhood and the uses that could easily be traversed to and from by foot.  Perry utilized the 5-minute walk (See The Five-Minute Walk: More Than Just a Circle for more information) to define walking distances from residential to non-residential components, in particular Perry was very concerned about the walkability to and from schools.

Full Story: The Neighborhood Unit: How Does Perry’s Concept Apply to Modern Day Planning? 

Clarence Perry's "Neighborhood Unit" Diagram, 1929.

The Five-Minute Walk: More than Just a Circle

Posted in Comprehensive Planning and Codes, Town Planning, Urban Planning and Design, Urbanism with tags , , , , on August 23, 2010 by John Olson

The Five-Minute Walk is a standard that is best described as the average distance that a pedestrian is willing to walk before opting to drive.  The unit of measurement is commonplace in the planning profession and is often represented by a radius measuring ¼ of a mile.  The average walking speed of a human is at approximately 3 miles per hour, which translates to ¼ of a mile in five minutes.  Most planners, admittedly including myself, often represent the walking distance on a proposed plan drawing or an aerial as a circle drawn with the center of the circle on the destination.  The circle is most often represented as 1320-feet radius. 

The traditional neighborhood includes a high level of connectivity allowing actual walk distances to nearly meet the 1/4 mile radius.

The conventional suburban model of development provides a limited amount of connectivity from residences to businesses.

The problem with this basic diagram is that it does not take enough into account.  The ¼ mile radius circle shows the distance ‘as the crow flies’ or as a linear route.  Pedestrians tend to utilize sidewalks, whereas a drawing with a ¼ mile circle cannot represent this.  Major arterials, fences and walls are also commonplace in suburban locations limiting the walkability even further.  I have included a couple of diagrams in Colorado Springs, one of which is for a neighborhood coffee shop in a Pre-WWII neighborhood, which I will refer to as a traditional neighborhood, and the other is in a first ring suburban area of Colorado Springs, or conventional suburban development.  Notice that the traditional neighborhood diagram is set up on a well-connected grid of streets, whereas the other diagram includes the quintessential auto-centric street layout common in suburbia.  The traditional neighborhood has multiple intersections, allowing more access from the pedestrian.  An area with a great amount of intersections per acre and short blocks will be better suited for walking than an area with few intersections and long blocks.  The conventional suburban neighborhood is set up with a definitive hierarchy of streets, limiting the accessibility of potential walking consumers. 

The two diagrams provided illustrate in a black dashed line actual distances of 1320-feet via the pedestrian.  Notice that the outer circle in the diagrams does not come close to accounting for the actual walking conditions.  As planners, we need to be careful how we represent the five-minute walk as it can be very misleading.

Follow

Get every new post delivered to your Inbox.

Join 1,366 other followers